A Field Study of Columns and their Crowns in the houses of Mosul City during the Ottoman Period (Selected Models)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 استاذ مساعد /جامعةالموصل كلية الاثار /الاختصاص العام اثار اسلامي /الاختصاص الدقيق عمارة اسلامية

2 Freelance researcher in Islamic antiquities

Abstract

Columns and capitals are among the most important components of the Ottoman architecture of Mosul, and they have an aesthetic function and architectural, environmental and structural importance. The idea of columns and capitals was taken from previous ancient civilizations, then used in palaces, temples and houses and was an authentic Iraqi creativity. It is one of the manifestations of the emergence and development of architecture in Iraq. Therefore, its use continued in Islamic architecture, as in the emirates, houses and palaces in Iraq, for many centuries. Until it reached the peak of its use in the Ottoman era, and became a feature of its architecture at that time, especially in service, religious, residential and educational buildings. Since Mosul has been exposed to many political and military crises, this has led to the demolition and disappearance of many authentic historical and heritage landmarks, in addition to the poor treatment of the owners of these buildings with these ancient architectural elements, which are considered artistic, aesthetic and historical values that Mosul architecture has innovated. Hence, we chose this research to identify the most important remaining types of columns and their capitals and the building materials used in their construction dating back to the Ottoman era. As for the methodology of preparing the research, it relied primarily on an applied field aspect, as a primary source of its information, and the applied study was represented by documenting the columns and capitals in various ancient houses through photography.

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